Comm 215 Syllabus Essay - 1466 Words

|[pic] |Course Syllabus | | |College of Humanities | | |COMM/215 Version 10 | | |Essentials of College Writing | Copyright  © 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course covers†¦show more content†¦| | | | |Instructions and details of the assignment are included. Additional topics will be provided | | | | |on a separate handout distributed in class. | | | |Individual |Resource: Persuasive Essay | |10 | |Persuasive Essay |Complete the Persuasive Essay assignment located in Week One on your student website. | | | | |Instructions and details of the assignment are included in the document. | | | |Individual |Resources: Center for Writing Excellence; Grammar Guide Quiz Instructions | |3 | |Grammar Guide Exercise #1 |Follow the instructions in the Grammar Guide Quiz Instructions document located in Week One | | | | |on your student website. | | | |Week Two: Academic EssayShow MoreRelatedErp Sap Research Paper46896 Words   |  188 Pagesnstitute 205 211 CHAPTER 9 Case Organizational Change and Business Process Reengineering Opening Case: 9 ·1 FoxMeyer Drugs 214 212 Reason for Change 213 Organizational Commitment Change Management 215 Organization Project Management Maturity Model (OPM3) 215 B usiness Process Change Business Process Re-engineering BPR Methodology 218 220 Current BPR Tools 217 217 Project Organization 222 224 226 Project Roles and Responsibilities Implications for Management

Understanding Vertical Programming An Analysis of...

Introduction Given all the health issues public health practitioners must be aware of, why does a vertical public health program seem so appealing? A vertical public health program is one in which the majority of resources and expertise accumulated by health organization(s) are concentrated on one health issue, usually eradicating a particular disease. Strengths of vertical programming are the goals are straightforward and progress is easily measurable. A major weakness of this approach is it diverts attention and resources away from health organizations and initiatives aimed at treating all illnesses. We will look at how vertical programming was applied in the hookworm initiative carried out by the Rockefeller foundation during the early†¦show more content†¦The latrine was the symbol of heightened sanitary conditions for the campaign, and thus was a main component of hookworm eradication success. However, for the locals, building them was time-consuming and costly, which were never fac tored into the public health organizations plans. Most of the Java population, in fact, did not want to construct latrines because they would wash away during monsoon season (Stein, 550). Therefore, this shows that vertical programming fails to tailor appropriate interventions to the population of interest and puts the organizations prioritizes over the populations. This approach imposes health organization’s ambitions on the population of interest and forces them to embrace their practices. Vertical programming often lacks community input, participation, commitment, and buy-in. Even after 30 years, the hookworm infection rates only slightly declined (Stein, 551). Though the strength of vertical programming is that it concentrates resources to high priority health issues, it is also a weakness because the health issue deemed high priority by the public health organization is not always the same as that with the targeted community. Thus, public health practitioners should alwa ys take into account the social, political, and economic situation of a community or

Australian Immigration Law Immigration and Border Protection

Question: Discuss about the Australian Immigration Law forImmigration and Border Protection. Answer: Introduction: 1. The Federal Court of Australia gave or rather delivered a groundbreaking decision for the matter of Waensila v Minister[1] for Immigration and Border Protection (2016). The matter is concerned with the Schedule 3 criteria for the application of partner visa. According to the legislation, as laid down under the migration rules, the primary applicant is expected to hold a substantive visa while making a valid application for the same. Even if they do not hold a substantive visa, they are expected to satisfy the criteria of Schedule 3 as mentioned under the regulations. The regulations further explain that an applicant can apply for a substantive visa only when they hold a valid substantive visa. The criterion as required under Schedule 3 can get excused only by the effect of subclause 820.211(2) (d) (ii)[2] of the Migration Regulations 1994. The authorized department gets satisfied reasons that there must be some undeniable reasons that prevented the applicant from holding a valid visa during the time of application for a substantive visa. Before the decision came in the common application of the Tribunal and the Department considered the requirement of the criterion to be in continuation at some stage in the time when such pertinent application is made. So, any state of affairs brought to the Tribunal or the Departments awareness which is distressing the situation of the applicant during or after the application of the visa will not be taken into contemplation while evaluating the submission made. The main significance of the Waensila decision consists of the situation that occurs during the time of application and what considerations are granted or not granted while evaluating the application. The full Court of Federal Court of Australia considered that the regulations do not impose the temporary restriction of the grounds created under compulsion with the waiver of criteria as mentioned under Schedule 3. So, while the interpretation of the subclause 820.211(2) (d), the court came to a decision that the compelling circumstances will be looked when the assessment of the application is made and not during the time when such application is made. With the effect of the assessment, the concerned department, as well as the AAT, should reflect on the state of affairs of the applicant as already obtainable conditions when the appraisal of the application is made. The opinion held by Justice Dowsett is that the requirements by the legislative regulations do not impose the limitation with relation to the time when the examination is made to check whether the applicant can satisfy the criteria. Rather he held a different view which explains that the waiver power can be applied or exercised at the prudence of the minister. The chronological drawback must not be treated in such a way that it becomes a relevant criterion for the application of the substantive visa. The other Justice in this matter, Justice Griffiths found that the waiver power is meant to lessen the hardships faced by the applicant. The waiver power enables the applicant to have the case individually assessed and the conclusions to be drawn after considering their personal grounds that created the difficulties and then assess the application in such manner. The legislative[3] regulations do not possess or express any provision which limits the existence of such situations that appe ar to be a compelling situation during the time of application of such substantive visa. As the expression is missing in the legislation, then rejection of any such compelling circumstances during the time of assessment of the document and coming to the decision will be considered as erroneous. The main importance of the decision brought some easement to the applicant as before the decision passed for the case; the applicant faced lots of difficulties for the application for the substantive visa without the existence of the valid visa. It is quite obvious for some applicant not to have the valid visa during the time of the application of the substantive visa which may include some serious circumstances that compelled them to make delay in the application for the visa which does not mean that they will be considered as making illegal stays except for some exceptional cases[4]. The introduction of the waiver rule has proved to be advantageous for such situations where the assessment o f the visa will be considered based on the situations of the applicant reducing the harassment. The decision of the matter expanded the applicants reliability on the grounds of the personal assessment of situations and also when applying for the Schedule 3 waiver. The decision even increases the projection of the applicants so that they can remain on-shore, while the processing of the application is carried out. With an addition of the advantage of the recent decision was made in the case, it is likely to have a retrospective effect on the previous cases similar to the situation as occurred in this matter. The previous case of the same matter situation can have the reliance on the compelling circumstances that occurred to them which genuinely prevented them from having a valid substantive visa during the time of application of the substantive visa. The matter even holds the importance as it opened a lot of aspects and opportunities for the existing cases of relevant matter. The court came to a conclusion that the matter required having the determination on the facts that occurr ed and what can be considered as compelling situations. The court even has the power to examine and review the cases consisting of a similar component of compelling situations. Usually, the rights of duration to check the matter for such situations are thirty- five days but, in this matter, Justice Dowsett, Justice Griffiths, and Justice Robertson came to the conclusion that the matter[5] can be still considered for a revision even if the period passed over or elapsed. The main importance of the decision for the matter is lies as it put emphasis on the section 55 and 65 of the Migration act 1994. Before the decision of the matter the requirement of the section were misinterpreted. It is clearly mentioned in the section that the minister is supposed to consider the information while assessing the procedure until he comes to a decision. In subsection(1), it is even mentioned that the minister is not required to delay in the decision making as the applicant told to provide further information but to consider them while making the decisions. Section 65 of the act explains that the application to be granted after satisfying every criteria in the migration Regulations 1994. Upon such cases it is found out that in certain cases the applicant might face some obligations for not fulfilling the criterion as mentioned in the regulations which may compel the minister to refuse the application and consider that to be a substantive visa. hence, concerning many situations which raised in different matter, the involvement of section 13(2)(d) of the Interpretation Act 1901 (Cth), was a necessity which gave scope for other matters to get revised even if that passed beyond 35 days. 2. The Tribunal and the Department interpreted the rule of sub clause 8320.211 (2) (d) (ii) the way it was written in the Migration Act, 1958. They focused more on the findings of the intention of the legislature that is, to waive schedule 3 of the Act compelling situations should be present at the time of making the application[6]. Hence, it could be said that the Tribunal and the Department followed the literal rule of statutory interpretation[7]. The Full Court overturned the decision and they analyzed the statute in a different way unlike how it was interpreted by the Tribunal. According to the Full Court, this section should not be interpreted in its literal sense as it is coupled with the discretionary power of the Minister. The Minister has the discretion to conduct an analysis as to when compelling situations exist or not and hence, it should not be limited to at the time of making an application. If compelling situations are present even at the time of or after making the application, the Minister can consider them as compelling situation enough to grant them visa. The analysis and the findings of the Federal Court showed signs of reliance on the golden rule of statutory interpretation[8]. This rule allows Judges to deviate from the normal meaning of the Act so that it avoids absurdity and ambiguity in the Act. The Judges rely on this statutory interpretation rule as this gives them the liberty of deviating from what is written in the statute. Similarly, in this case also Judges Dowsett, Robertson and Griffiths construed the meaning more than its limited meaning and gave a more relaxed meaning of the statute. Particularly the issue in this case was related to the satisfaction of the Minister whether or not compelling or compassionate situations are present in any given case. The Minister was restricted in considering only those situations as compelling which existed at the time of making the application. The Federal Court removed the absurdity by passing a judgment that stated that if compelling situations exists even after making an application of partner visa that should be regarded as compelling situation. Bibliography: Bains v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship [2012] FCA 649; (2012) 205 FCR 217 Boakye-Danquah v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs [2002] FCA 438 ;( 2002) 116 FCR 557 Interpretation Act 1901 (Cth) Legislation Act 2003 (Cth) Migration Regulations 1994 Waensila v Minister for Immigration Anor [2015] FCCA2276NSD 1088 of 2015

MacBeth Attitude Changes Essay Example For Students

MacBeth Attitude Changes Essay In the tragic drama Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1606 during the English Renaissance, the hero, Macbeth, constantly declines in his level of morality until his death at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeths attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches, is significantly affected. The first of the four characters is Duncan. Since Macbeth interacts with Duncan only a minimal amount before Duncans death,Macbeths attitude towards him changes very rapidly. Before Macbeth hears the witches first prophecy, he is very close to Duncan, and would never even think of doing something against him. When the thought of murdering Duncan crosses his mind immediately after he finds that he has just been named Thane of Cawdor, he cannot believe he yield to that suggestion / Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair / And make my seated heart knock at my ribs (I, iii, 133-35). In scene 5 of act 1, however, his vaulting ambition is starting to take over, but partly because of his wifes persuasion. He agrees that they must catch the nearest way (17), and kill Duncan that night. On the other hand, as the time for murder comes nearer, he beginsgiving himself reasons not to murder Duncan: First, as I am his kinsman and his subject, Strong both against the deed; then, as his host, Who sho uld against his murderer shut the door, Not bear the knife myself. (I, vii, 13-16)When Lady Macbeth enters, though, she uses her cunning rhetoric and pursuasion techniques to convince Macbeth that this is, beyond the shadow of a doubt, the right thing to do. He then tells her that I am settled. (79). He is firmly seated in his beliefs that killing Duncan is the right thing to do-until he performs the murder. He is so horrified by this act that for a moment he forgets where he is or whom he is with. We learn from this murder that Macbeth truly had faith in the king and was very loyal, but under the forces of his wifes persuasion and his own vaulting ambition, he is put in the evil frame of mind for just long enough to kill Duncan. This murder does permanently alter him from his moral state of mind, however, and he soon does not feel much remorse for murdering Duncan. The Second of the four characters towards whom Macbeths attitude changes is Banquo. Before he murders Duncan, Macbeth is a very close friend to Banquo, and they are almost always together. After the murder, however, Macbeth senses suspicion on Banquos part. He realizes that Banquos wisdom that doth guide his valour / To act in safety (52-53) will cause Banquo to want to turn Macbeth in for his crime. Macbeth knows he must also get rid of Banquo since, according to the prophecy, the throne will pass to Banquos sons otherwise. Macbeth starts showing his extreme hatred towards Banquo while he is convincing the two murderers that killing him is right:Macb: Both of youKnow Banquo was your enemy. Murderers: True, my lord. Macb: So is he mine; and in such bloody distanceThat every minute of his being thrustsAgainst my nearst of life;(III, i, 114b-118)Finally, Macbeth actually shows signs of relief when the murderer calls him to the door during his banquet and tells him ofBanquos death:Macb: Theres blood upon thy face. Murderer: Tis Banquos then. Macb: Tis better thee without than he within. .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 , .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .postImageUrl , .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 , .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:hover , .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:visited , .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:active { border:0!important; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:active , .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406 .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3469edb31718a929eb0834d9ac58a406:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Animal Behavior Essay(III, iv, 12-14)Macbeths last statement, Tis . . . within, means that Banquos blood is better on the murderer than in Banquo, showing thatMacbeth is, in truth, happy that Banquo has been killed. the killing of Banquo by Macbeth shows extreme selfishness; he cannot bear to see even his best friends sons succeed him on the throne. However, a more important reason that Macbeth kills Banquo is because of Banquos suspicion of him, and what Banquo will do to him once he finds out for sure that Macbeth has commited the murder of Duncan. One can see that Macbeth becomes extremely harsh if he wants his way. He will go to horrid extremes just so that he does not have to live his kingship in fear, but instead to be safely thus. (III, i, 49)Lady Macbeth, the third character, interacts with Macbeth a considerable amount, and influences him greatly. He and his wife as a pair are dangerous because his ambition combined with her bloodiness can cause fatal situations. In Macbeths letter to his wife, he calls her my dearest partner of greatness (I, v, 8), and later, when he is talking to her in person, he calls her My dearest love (I, v, 54b). Shakespeare shows their close relationship until they have started falling into a state of near-despair after the murder of Banquo and Macduffs wife and son. At this point, they have started to seperate a great deal. In act five, scene five, Macbeth hears the cry of women and not even noticing that it is a womans cry, let alone that of his own wife, asks What is that noise? (7b). He feels so little towards her that when he is informed that she has just died, he remarks that She should have died hereafter (17 ), meaning that she would have died anyway. His loss of feeling towards his wife most likely iscaused by his distraction and present state of mind. Had his mind been calm and relaxed, not distracted by anything, he probably would have reacted to this news with more feeling. However, his whole personality has changed, and perhaps death does not faze him any more because he has committed five murders since the beginning of the play. The way Macbeth acts toward the three witches changes significantly as the play progresses. In act one, scene five, Macbethtells his wife in his letter to her that the witches have more in them than mortal knowledge. (2), and he puts great faith in theirprophecies; after all, of the witches three so-called prophecies, Two truths are told (I, iii, 126b). He depends on the witches for a long time, even after he murders Banquo. In act 3, scene 4, when he remarks that I am in blood / Steppd in so far that, should I wade no more, (136-37), he knows that he must consult the witches again because More shall they speak; (134), and he is bent to know (134) what he should do and what his future holds. He then sees the three apparitions that the witchs have conjured up especially to torture him. This causes him to become enraged at the witches and damn himself in the ironic phrase in which he damns all those that trust them, (IV, i, 139, them meaning the witches. Macbeths change in attitude tow ards the witches shows that his nature is to befriend those who bring him good news, but he separates from them once he finds that even though he trusted them, what they said was not in his favor. He supposedly befriended the witches simply because he thought they could tell him his future. It was a false relationship. .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f , .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .postImageUrl , .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f , .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:hover , .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:visited , .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:active { border:0!important; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:active , .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u61d1d088448bc5fb8f14f0e83daa051f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Robinson JeffersBiography EssayMacbeth starts out a heroic man of good doings, but his whole attitude completely changes because of the murders he commits. His relationships with many characters are broken or become weak. He starts trusting no one and hating or killing everyone. His wife may have started him on his killing streak, but he was the one to finish himself off. Macbeth got what he deserved.

Association in Java Definition and Examples

Association in Java Definition and Examples The association relationship indicates that a class knows about, and holds a reference to, another class. Associations can be described as a has-a relationship because the typical implementation in Java is through the use of an instance field. The relationship can be bi-directional with each class holding a reference to the other. Aggregation and composition are types of association relationships. Associations join one or more of one thing against one or more of another thing. A professor might be associated with a college course (a one-to-one relationship) but also with each student in her class (a one-to-many relationship). The students in one section might be associated with the students in another section of the same course (a many-to-many relationship) while all the sections of the course relate to a single course (a many-to-one relationship). Association Example Imagine a simple war game with an AntiAircraftGun class and a Bomber class. Both classes need to be aware of each other because they are designed to destroy each other: public class AntiAirCraftGun {   Ã‚  private Bomber target;   Ã‚  private int positionX;   Ã‚  private int positionY;   Ã‚  private int damage;   Ã‚  public void setTarget(Bomber newTarget)   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.target newTarget;   Ã‚  }   Ã‚  //rest of AntiAircraftGun class } public class Bomber {   Ã‚  private AntiAirCraftGun target;   Ã‚  private int positionX;   Ã‚  private int positionY;   Ã‚  private int damage;   Ã‚  public void setTarget(AntiAirCraftGun newTarget)   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.target newTarget;   Ã‚  }   Ã‚  //rest of Bomber class } The AntiAirCraftGun class has-a Bomber object and the Bomber class has-a AntiAirCraftGun object.

Are People Obedient Essays - Social Psychology, Conformity

Are People Obedient Essays - Social Psychology, Conformity Are People Obedient ARE PEOPLE OBEDIENT? By Queron Thompson Does everyone in society go against what they believe in merely to satisfy an authority figure? Stanley Milgrams Perils Of Obedience expresses that most of society supports the authority figure regardless of their own personal ideals. Milgram says to the reader, For many people, obedience is a deeply ingrained behavioral tendency, indeed a potent impulse overriding training in ethics, sympathy, and moral conduct (Milgram 606). Is Milgrams statement telling us obedience is an unparalleled force in todays society? Two authors, George Orwell and Langston Hughes, provide us with incidents that support Milgrams findings. George Orwells work, Shooting an Elephant, can be used as an example of Milgrams discoveries. He recalls an account of himself as a British policeman called upon to take action against a belligerent elephant rampaging through a small Burmese Village. Orwell makes it a point to show that the natives of the village, who at any other time would have looked upon the him in disfavor, are now backing him in hopes of the animals destruction. Orwell realizes it is quite unnecessary to kill the animal, yet does it anyway. Why might you ask? Milgrims findings on peoples obedience to authority can be seen as an answer to this question. In the reading Orwell says, And suddenly I realized that I should have to shoot the elephant after all. The people expected it of me and I had got to do it: I could feel their two thousand wills pressing me forward, irresistibly.(Orwell 771). With this statement, we can easily determine the role the villagers take on. Suddenly, they have taken on the role of the authority figure and Orwell the conforming citizen. In Milgrams Perils Of Obedience, the test subjects or teachers follow the experimenters authority and inflict punishment upon the actors or learners without any regard to their own feelings. In Orwells writings, he has also put the natives or authority ahead of his own personal convictions and has proven Milgram an astute judge of human character. Langston Hughes, author of Salvation offers us a different perspective on Milgrams findings, obedience before morality. Mr. Hughes paints a picture of himself as a little boy, whose decisions at a church revival, directly reflect mans own instinctive behavioral tendencies for obedience. A young Langston, whos congregation wants him to go up and get saved, gives into obedience and ventures to the altar as if he has seen the light of the Holy Spirit. Can he really see it or is this just a decision to give into the congregation, or what we consider the authority? Milgrams deeply ingrained human impulses are evident at this point. Hughes goes on to say, So I decided that maybe to save further trouble, Id better lie, too, and say that Jesus had come, and get up and be saved; So I did (Hughes 32). In saying this, Young Langston has obviously overlooked his personal belief of a visual Holy Spirit to meet the level of obedience laid out by the congregation. Once again, Stanley Milgrams theor ies are correct. His discoveries bind us to the fact that people may believe strongly in an idea or thought but, will overlook that belief to be obedient. In conclusion, what does this leave the reader to think? Do people conform to authority? Is society holding back its views inorder to meet a level of obedience? Stanley Milgram has pointed out a human characteristic that may very well be in each and every one of us. George Orwell and Langston Hughes have both given us two examples that support and defend this theory. With all this evidence compounded, we the reader can make a justified assumption that everyone in society has, at one time or another, overlooked his or her personal feelings to conform. This occurrence, whether it is instinctive or judgmental is one that each individual deals with a personal level.

Ethics and Corruption in Law Eforcement Research Paper

Ethics and Corruption in Law Eforcement - Research Paper Example According to a 1998 report by the General Accounting Office, â€Å"...several studies and investigations of drug-related police corruption found on-duty police officers engaged in serious criminal activities, such as conducting unconstitutional searches and seizures; stealing money and/or drugs from drug dealers; selling stolen drugs; protecting drug operations; providing false testimony; and submitting false crime reports† (General Accounting Office, 1998: 8). Of those law-enforcement officials convicted of various corruption offenses resulting from FBI led investigations between 1993 and 1997, about half were for drug-related offenses. More than 100 drug-related cases involving police officers are prosecuted nationwide every year. Another of the indications of the widespread problem of corrupt cops is that all of the federal drug enforcement agencies have had at least one of its agents implicated in a drug-related offense. Officers nationwide have given in to the same tempta tions offered by the selling of drugs that have lured their criminal adversaries. This discussion examines the scope of the problem citing specific examples and the possible criminological reasons behind this behavior. The growth of police corruption instances involving drug sales is relatively easy to explain. The financial rewards offered by the sales of illegal drugs in relation to other forms of income both legal and illegal, is enormous. The temptation attracts law enforcement officials who are becoming increasingly more discouraged by the growing proliferation of drug traffickers. Though police agencies of all descriptions have fought the 30-plus year ‘drug war’ by spending billions of dollars and locking up millions of people, their efforts have not only not ended drug use or sales but drugs are now more available, cheaper and purer than ever before. Disheartened police officers involved in stopping drug crimes put their lives in jeopardy but are under-paid and u nder-appreciated by an indifferent public. Many officers joined the force to protect and serve but find them regulating an illegal drug market that they know they will never suppress. As long as the U.S. government continues it’s disastrous ‘war,’ formerly well-intentioned cops will continue to be lured by the money to be had by engaging in the drug trade they are expected to prevent. They risk their lives for a war which has no end and they know this fact better than anyone. Fighting a losing battle discourages even the most loyal and honest of law officials and some use this to justify becoming involved in a drug cartel. It’s easy money, they are being underpaid for dangerous work and their efforts are futile. In 2002, 41 police officers in Tijuana, Mexico were arrested (Peet, 2004). These officers, who included the Chief of Police, were on the payroll of drug dealers. They protected drug shipments, took bribes and committed murders. The allegations agai nst these police officers is hardly an isolated incident in Mexico as most of the towns located along the border of the U.S. are controlled and ‘policed’ by drug cartels (Peet, 2004). Any country that wages a war on drugs faces corruption among its police officers, politicians,